Kazakhstan 500 Tenge Silver Coin 2015 Spacecraft Venera-10
Series Space Coins - Soviet Venus Missions
The «Venera-10» spacecraft was started by the Proton launch vehicle on June 14, 1975 . On October 25, 1975 the «Venera-10» lander soft-landed on a lit side of the planet in 2200 km from a point of landing of «Venera-10». From the lander television images of a surface of Venus were transferred to Earth. Meanwhile the orbital compartment of Venus-10 station orbited round Venus.
Obverse: the composition symbolized the unity of human being with the world and the connection between the past and present; the face value of the coin "500 ТЕҢГЕ"; trade mark of Kazakhstan Mint; the inscription of «Ag 925 14.6 g. Та 26.8 g. » defining the metal which the coin is made of, its fineness and weight; two inscriptions "ҚАЗАҚСТАН РЕСПУБЛИКАСЫ" in State language and "REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN" in English.
Reverse: the image of the Venera-10 spacecraft on its approach to the planet Venus; inscriptions «Венера-10» in state language and «VENERA-10» in English; year of coinage «2015».
Bi-colored (composite) coin is made with the use of tantalum, the metal which is widely used in the space industry. Over coin production the technology of change of color of tantalum is applied. Commemorative coins "Venera-10" finishes a series of "Space" coins.
Bi-colored (composite) coin has the round form consisted of the concentric situated ring and disk. The internal disk of coin is made of tantalum, with application of technology of changing color on purple, an external ring from silver.
Lateral surface is grooved.
Face value: 500 Tenge.
Date of issue: 25 December, 2015.
Fineness: Ag 925 14.6 ± 0.15 r/g Ta 999-26.8 ± 0.25 r/g.
Weight: 41.4 g.
Diameter: 38.61 mm.
Quality: proof.
Mintage: 3000.
Series Space Coins
Kazakhstan 500 Tenge Silver Coin 2015 Spacecraft Venera-10
Venera 10
Venera 10 (Russian: Венера-10 meaning Venus 10), manufacturer's designation: 4V-1 No. 661, was a Soviet unmanned space mission to Venus. It consisted of an orbiter and a lander. It was launched on June 14, 1975 03:00:31 UTC and had a mass of 5033 kg (11096 lb).
Orbiter
The orbiter entered Venus orbit on October 23, 1975. Its mission was to serve as a communications relay for the lander and to explore cloud layers and atmospheric parameters with several instruments and experiments:
- 1.6-2.8 μm IR Spectrometer
- 8-28 μm IR Radiometer
- 352 nm UV Photometer
- 2 Photopolarimeters (335-800 nm)
- 300-800 nm Spectrometer
- Lyman-α H/D Spectrometer
- Bistatic Radar Mapping
- CM, DM Radio Occultations
- Triaxial Magnetometer
- 345-380 nm UV Camera
- 355-445 nm Camera
- 6 Electrostatic Analyzers
- 2 Modulation Ion Traps
- Low-Energy Proton / Alpha detector
- Low-Energy Electron detector
- 3 Semiconductor Counters
- 2 Gas-Discharge Counters
- Cherenkov Detector
The orbiter consisted of a cylinder with two solar panel wings and a high gain parabolic antenna attached to the curved surface. A bell-shaped unit holding propulsion systems was attached to the bottom of the cylinder, and mounted on top was a 2.4 meter sphere which held the landers.
Lander
On October 23, 1975, this spacecraft was separated from the Orbiter, and landing was made with the sun near zenith, at 0517 UT, on October 25. A system of circulating fluid was used to distribute the heat load. This system, plus precooling prior to entry, permitted operation of the spacecraft for 65 min after landing. During descent, heat dissipation and deceleration were accomplished sequentially by protective hemispheric shells, three parachutes, a disk-shaped drag brake, and a compressible, metal, doughnut-shaped, landing cushion.
It landed near the border area between Beta Regio and Hyndla Regio (within a 150 km radius of 15.42°N 291.51°E), three days after the touchdown of, and 2200 km from Venera 9. Venera 10 measured a surface windspeed of 3.5 m/s. Other measurements included atmospheric pressure at various heights, and temperature, and surface light levels. Venera 10 was the second probe to send back black and white television pictures from the Venusian surface (after Venera 9). Venera 10 photographs showed lava rocks of pancake shape with lava or other weathered rocks in between. Planned 360 degree panoramic pictures could not be taken because, as with Venera 9, one of two camera lens covers failed to come off, limiting pictures to 180 degrees.
The lander communicated with Earth using the Venera 10 orbiter as a communication relay.
Lander Payload:
- Temperature and pressure sensors
- Accelerometer
- Visible / IR photometer - IOV-75
- Backscatter and multi-angle nephelometers - MNV-75
- P-11 Mass spectrometer - MAV-75
- Panoramic telephotometers (2, with lamps)
- Anemometer - ISV-75
- Gamma ray spectrometer - GS-12V
- Gamma ray densitometer - RP-75
- Radio Doppler experiment